1. 表递进/附加/并列 (addition)
moreover, /furthermore, what is more /what’s worse not only…but also
in addition, /additionally, as well as/just as, along with
in the same manner/in the same way and /and then/and equally important
also/then/besides,/too/again/further/likewise, either…or…/ neither…nor…
2.表示罗列增加(列举) (enumerating) first, second,
third, firstly, secondly, thirdly,
first, then / next, after that / next, finally / last /
Above all/in the first place/first and for most /last but not the least to begin/start with… and equally important,
for one thing…for another thing
on (the) one hand…, on the other hand…, another, plus,
in a word, in the end ,in conclusion, to conclude, in short, to sum up, in summary ,
to summaries
3. Transition(过渡-引出新的角度或论据)
with regard to/ regarding considering…/ concerning with …in mind… as …is concerned
talking about/ speaking of/thinking of it reminds me of….
It draws my attention to… It make me think about…
4. summarizing 表结尾/结束/表总结/表得出结论/归纳
on the whole/overall/all in all/altogether
generally/generally speaking in conclusion/to conclude in short/in brief/in a word in closing/in closure
to sum up/in summary/to summarize, to put it in a nutshell.. finally/at last/ in the end
as I have shown / as has been stated/discussed/showed/illustrated…/as what have been mentioned… 得出结论
thus/therefore/as a result/hence/consequently/in consequence/accordingly the point is…./The point I am makingis
5. Comparing 比较 Like/just like/ just as
Similarly/be similar to/the same as…/ Likewise
in the same way,/in the same manner/in a like manner equally
Compared with (to)…/in comparison/ by comparison Eg.
You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.
No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.
6.Contrasting 对比/对照/转折
However/nevertheless,/but/ however/otherwise Yet/although/though/even though/even so Whereas/while
in spite of/ despite the fact that…/regardless unlike,/instead of Rather than
At the same time Still
Except for different from After all
on the other hand /on the contrary/quite the opposite/ as opposed to not with standing on the contrary by contrast/in contrast to/with conversely/reversely
here...there/ this.. that/ the former…the later/ then….now/ the first./ whereas…the
second/ once…that/ at first…then the other /some___...others
7. Concession 表让步
Although/though /even though/ even if/even so still/nevertheless
after all/in spite of./despite/regardless even if/ even though /though
admittedly/ provided/granted/naturally
whoever/ whatever/ wherever/ whenever/no matter… /all the same whether …or…, while it is true..
8.cause and effect 表因果
8.1 表原因
for this reason /on this ( that )account/on account of… owing to./ due to/thanks to/because of/for because/ as/since/
8.2表结果
as a result (of)
thus, hence, so, therefore thus
accordingly consequently, as consequence so…that/such…that in this way
eg. Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy. Eg. Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.
9. purpose 表目的 In order to/for/that For is purpose/reason So that/so as to for
10 . condition 表条件
If/whether
on the condition (that) as long as
unless or else
a prerequisite to….
11. Exemplifying
for example/ for instance such as/ say/ like take ...for example. Except (for)
to illustrate/as an illustration/a case in point name a few,
by way of illustration.
In this case../A case in point
Eg. There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use \"he\" to replace \"the queen\".
12. time and sequence 表时间顺序
12.1 表示时间顺序 a sequence of action
first of all/at first/at the beginning of something shortly before/before/earlier than… earlier(today)/later(this afternoon) later/ somewhat later /later than…
next/then/after (that)/ afterwards/then/ after/after a while subsequently/ finally/at last/eventually/in the end/at length
12.2 表示同时发生Two things are happening at the same thing at the same time simultaneously while/when as/just as
during/ throughout
12.3 time when
as soon as/soon/shortly/when/the moment/minute/second(that)../the time at the moment/that time
now/at present/presently/nowadays immediately/at once recently/lately
in the past/before/ago/for…
12.4 connecting two periods or evens
in the mean time/meantime=meanwhile/in the meanwhile
by the time
since/ then/till then /up till( now) / not ..until/so far / from now on, /from then on
explanation: in the period of time between now and a future event, or between two events in the past [= meanwhile]:
--eg. the meal ill take about an hour. In the meantime, relax and have a drink.(between now and the meal)
--The doctor will be here soon. In the meantime, try and relax.
--I didn't see her for another five years, and in the meantime she had got married and had a couple of kids. For the mean time
Explanation: for the present time, until something happens:
Eg. The power supply should be back soon - for the meantime we'll have to use candles.
12.5 frequency表示时间与频率
gradually/step by step/suddenly/all of sudden
continuously/discontinuously/interval/intermittently
eg. He comes back to see us at regular intervals
now and then/temporarily/for the time being/from time to time/occasionally always/most of the time/usually/frequently/often/sometime/seldom/rarely/hardly
ever/never
13. 表空间顺寻
Near(to)/close to/next to/beside/far(from) in front of/ behind, between/in the middle of beyond/outside
on/above/below/under to the right/ left
across from/opposite to
around/around the corn from in/at/on/to/through
14. emphasizing 表示强调
in fact/ indeed/ actually/ as a matter of fact/truly of course/certainly/surely/absolutely
obviously/apparently/ evidently/clearly/needless to say/ evidently
undoubtedly/without any shadow of doubt/without any doubt/no doubt
in any case/in most cases/as a rule/in this case/in every aspects first of all/above all/the most important/on top of that/
Oddly enough/surprisingly/interestingly/significantly/dramatically Mainly/primarily/chiefly/mostly/commonly Generally/Especially/particularly/in particular
Necessarily/unavoidably/inevitably/essentially/vitally/fundamentally Ultimately exactly
To a large extent/to a certain extent
15. explaining表解释/
in other words/in simpler terms/namely that is/that is to say
to put it differently/to put it in another way
in fact/ as a matter of fact/actually/frankly(honestly) speaking For example/for instance/in this case
16.possibility 表可能
Presumably/perhaps/possibly/likely/ probably unlikely
几个用得比较多的句子:
As far as I am concerned, the advantages of … outweigh its disadvantages. Nevertheless, the disadvantages of … is undeniable.
This diagram unfolds a clear comparison between…and…
As to the other three, though the growth rates were not so high, they were indeed
remarkable and impressive.
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