第39讲 完形填空(二)
完形填空。(2013，安徽)
It is often said that eyes can speak.Do you have such kind of __1__？In a bus you may look at a stranger，but not too __2__．If he notices that he is being looked at，he may __3__ uncomfortable.It is the same in daily life.When you are looked at for several more times，you will look __4__ up and down in order to __5__ if there is anything wrong with you.If __6__ goes wrong，you will feel angry with the person who is looking at you.__7__ can speak，right?
Looking too long at someone may seem to be impolite.But sometimes things are __8__．If you wish to draw someone's __9__，you may look at him or her for more than ten seconds.For lovers，they enjoy looking at each other longer to show the love that words cannot __10__．Clearly，eye communication should be done according to the relationship between the two people and the certain situation.
(C)1.A.future B．fear C．experience D．exercise (B)2.A.late B．long C．low D．loud (A)3.A.feel B．smell C．sound D．taste
(D)4.A.itself B．himself C．myself D．yourself (A)5.A.see B．guess C．hear D．expect (B)6.A.something B．nothing C．everything D．anything
(B)7.A.Ears B．Eyes C．Mouth D．Nose
(A)8.A.different B．difficult C．tiring D．boring (C)9.A.direction B．lesson C．attention D．trouble
(D)10.A.write B．print C．read D．express
❺熟练语法和固定搭配，轻松解题
对语法、固定搭配等基础知识的考查也是完形填空的命题角度之一。对于这种题，考生除了要注意平时的积累外，还要针对语法结构、句式特点、短文设空中需填的词在句中作什么成分、哪类词适合、应采取什么形式等进行分析，从而解决问题。
【例5】 He knew that his friends all had bicycles.It was hard to hang out with people when you were the only one without a bicycle.He thought about ______he could do.(2013，长沙，34)
A．why B．how C．what
解析：空白处所填词在宾语从句中作do的宾语，句意为“他考虑了他能做的一切事情”。
答案：__C__
He didn't use to give his mother many problems.__5__，after his father's death a few years ago，Martin's life became much more difficult.(2013，黄冈，47)
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(D)5.A.So B．But
C．Therefore D．However ❻多方推断，寻求线索
完形填空所提供的是一篇具有完整意义的短文，其段与段、句与句、甚至词与词之间都有不可分割的、千丝万缕的联系。因此考生在做题时不要只注意设空处所在的短句子或段落，还要善于从上下文中寻找相关的提示信息。考生可利用正向推断法、逆向推断法和正逆向联合推断法寻找相关信息。
正向推断法要求考生利用已知信息推断下文未知信息，当然这儿所指的信息包括设空处近处或远处的信息。考生应认真阅读并分析上下文内容，弄清事实，并思考下文的发展方向，从而推断下文的未知信息。
逆向推断法要求考生利用下文已知信息反向推断上文未知信息。当利用上文已知信息无法准确推断下文未知信息时，不能着急，应沉着冷静地阅读下文，看下文哪些事实或细节是上文未知信息的延伸和发展，并由此推断出空格处的未知信息。
在有些情况下，空格处未知信息既不能单独由上文已知信息正向推断而出，也不能单独由下文反向推断而出，而需要考生利用其上下文已知信息联合推断而出。考生应认真阅读并分析上下文，看哪些细节或事实与空格处有联系，并由此推断出空格处的未知信息。
①正向推断法
【例6】 ...，a circle lost a piece of its own.The circle wanted to be whole，so it went around，looking for its ______piece.(2013，兰州，41)
A．miss B．lose C．missing D．losing
解析：由上文“a circle lost a piece of its own”可知，一个圆失去了一块，但它想变成一个整圆，所以它到处寻找丢失了的那一块。此处应填形容词missing “丢失的”。
答案：__C__
Sometimes I wonder whether there is any love between my parents...I sat down beside her.“Mom，I have a question to ask you.”．..“Is there __6__ between you and dad？” I asked her...(2013，西宁，33)
(A)6.A.love B．friendship C．money D．thanks
My uncle，an old man，had a strange experience last week.On Saturday evening，he went to a show at the cinema.After the show was over，he had __7__ at a small restaurant.(2013，宁夏，36)
(B)7.A.breakfast B．supper C．lunch D．meal ②逆向推断法
【例7】 When he arrived home，...He had left the key ________ and banged (砰地关上) the door close when going out.(2013，宁夏，38)
A．outside B．out C．inside D．over
解析：由下文中“when going out”可知，他应该是把钥匙落在家里了。 答案：__C__
It was a grammar lesson.He __8__ grammar.He wanted to leave school and work...Then he started daydreaming.(2013，新疆，41)
(A)8.A.hated B．loved C．studied D．enjoyed
People often feel stressed when they have a big __9__ such as performing in a
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play，taking a test，or playing in a sports match.(2013，青海，43)
(B)9.A.work B．job C．rest D．sleep ③正逆向联合法
【例8】 ...，the best doctors in the town examined him carefully，but could find nothing wrong...It was just that he never spoke.
“There might be something wrong with his ________，and he doesn't know he's able to speak，”one doctor said.(2013，安徽，55)
A．back B．hair C．face D．mind
解析：由上文中“but could find nothing wrong”及下文中“he doesn't know he's able to speak”可知，医生判断，他的脑袋出了问题。
答案：__D__
A man was driving his car on a country road.Suddenly two threelegged chickens ran across the road.
“Wow！How __10__ those chickens run！”said the man. He was really curious about these chickens，...
“Interesting! How does the chicken taste？” asked the man.
“Well，there is a problem—we haven't been able to catch one yet! ” said the farmer.(2013，南宁，36)
(D)10.A.slowly B．quick C．sudden D．fast ❼复读全文，检验答案
把填充后的短文反复阅读一两遍，逐一检查、校对所选答案是否符合短文中心及上下文要求，并确保没有不符合语言规范、不符合语法规则的选项。
很多同学做完形填空题存在一个误区，把很多的时间放到四个选项的比较上，这会降低解题效率。正确做法应是：
①顺藤摸瓜，首先是藤，你拿到文章之后要重点读第一句。
②瞻前顾后，在文章空格的上下文处，你觉得这个地方需要什么词，带着这个目的在四个选项里找。
③顾全大局，做一道题时应该在段落里面理解一句话。 ④认清细节，比如考固定搭配的题。
总之要想成功突破完形填空必须做到：研读首尾，抓主题；上下联系，寻信息；左顾右盼，找搭配；思前想后，觅逻辑；语境分析，辨词义；回读检查，补漏洞。
(一)(2014，芜湖模拟)
The reality show (真人秀节目) Where are we going，Dad？becomes a __1__ show on TV these days.This TV show is about dads and their children who are from __2__ different families.They will complete (完成) some hard __3__ without moms in three days and two nights.The five dads have to play the __4__ of “dad” and “mom” at the same time.All of the five dads are famous people and they must forget their popularity (知名度) __5__ do as a normal father.The cell phones and toys aren't allowed __6__ in the show.They have to live in a very tough (艰苦的) environment.At first，all the five children cry.__7__，they are just 4－6 years old.They never experience life in the countryside.But later they are all used to __8__ this kind
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of exciting life with their fathers.
__9__ the five star kids，fouryearold Kimi impresses (使„„有印象) people most.During the TV show，Kimi is wellbehaved，never shouts at others and always listens to his father，Jimmy.
“The whole experience teaches him a lot，”Jimmy says.“He now knows __10__ to behave well in public and how to be patient.”
Jimmy's soft parenting skills，Kimi's cute face and their warm interaction (互动) on the show win many viewers' hearts.
(A)1.A.hit B．fashion C．talk D．comedy (C)2.A.two B．three C．five D．four (A)3.A.tasks B．orders C．ways D．means (C)4.A.jokes B．acts C．roles D．parts (D)5.A.and B．or C．yet D．but
(A)6.A.to use B．use C．using D．used
(C)7.A.In all B．At all C．After all D．In fact (B)8.A.playing B．spending C．share D．live (C)9.A.During B．Between C．Among D．All (C)10.A.what B．who C．how D．where
(二)(2014，马鞍山模拟)
Being a young person is one thing，and being a good young one is another.A good young person should have these qualities：First of all，__11__．A healthy body is the best riches (财富)．__12__ it，nothing can be done well.If you are poor in health，you will have to take __13__ day after day.Even you can't work，do sports and so on.Secondly，do something for others.Help those in trouble and __14__ the people around you.Thirdly，have the ability to work with others.Everyone needs __15__ because no one can live through life alone or do everything he wants to.
Besides the examples above，patriotism (爱国心) is the one we should never __16__．It means a love for one's country.Everyone should love his own country.But people __17__ think that patriots (爱国者) must be soldiers or that they live in a time of fighting for their country.This is __18__．A good young person's work is not only fighting.A good young person will do the things his country asks him to do.
I think a good young person of today should also have some training in art.If everyone can enjoy art and be __19__ to make more of it for others，then people will live __20__ and enjoy more.
(C)11.A.king B．kindness C．health D．healthy (D)12.A.After B．Before C．With D．Without (B)13.A.food B．medicine C．drink D．fruit (C)14.A.take after B．talk about C．care about D．argue with (A)15.A.friends B．family C．teachers D．classmates
(D)16.A.ask B．answer C．remember D．forget (C)17.A.sometime B．never
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C．sometimes D．hardly ever
(D)18.A.good B．bad C．right D．wrong (A)19.A.able B．tired C．sorry D．lucky (C)20.A.worse B．bad C．better D．good
(三)
Is drinking milk the best way to get calcium(钙)？A new report says it may not be.
“Drink your milk.It's good for you.”You've probably heard that many __21__．Milk has calcium，which is a necessary thing for keeping bones and teeth healthy and __22__．The US government even says that students should drink one glass of milk at each meal.
However，an organization asked the government to take milk off the school lunch menu.The organization says，“__23__ is high in sugar，high in fat and high in animal protein (动物蛋白)，all of which have negative __24__ on health.”The organization says there are better and healthier ways to get calcium such as eating broccoli and tofu.“People talk about milk because it helps __25__ strong bones，”says Doctor Neal Barnard，the president of the organization，“But drinking milk may not be the best way to get the __26__ your body needs.”
Of course，calcium is important for healthy bones and teeth，__27__ there are other ways to improve your bone strength，such as getting plenty of vitamin D and doing an hour's exercise every day.
Some nutritionists (营养学家) disagree with the idea that milk isn't __28__．Keri Gans says，“I don't think it's wise to take milk off the school lunch __29__．”
Marion Nestle，a teacher at New York University，says，“It's true that milk has healthy ingredients.Other foods have the same ingredients.It's just a food __30__ other foods，drinking too much might be a problem.”
(D)21.A.months B．days C．weeks D．times (A)22.A.strong B．weak C．energetic D．active (C)23.A.Water B．Cola C．Milk D．Juice
(B)24.A.results B．effects C．goals D．thoughts (C)25.A.make B．set C．build D．put
(A)26.A.calcium B．nutrition C．broccoli D．vitamin (C)27.A.so B．or C．but D．unless
(B)28.A.bad B．necessary C．important D．wonderful (D)29.A.list B．bill C．check D．menu (A)30.A.like B．as C．with D．for
(四)(2014，河南)
“It's raining cats and dogs！” Grandpa shouted.
Little Richie came running to the window.He wanted to see the __31__ falling from the sky.He looked out of the window，but it was __32__ that there were no cats or dogs.He only saw small pools of water on the ground.
“Man，it's really coming down out there！” Uncle Bob agreed __33__ he looked out of the window，too.Richie scratched his head (挠头)．What was coming down？First they talked about cats and dogs that __34__ be seen.Now someone said
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“it”．What was going on with these __35__？
“Wow！”Aunt Susie shouted as she looked out of the window.“It's raining really hard.”
Richie __36__ his aunt.“It is raining hard，”he agreed，“but __37__ are the cats and dogs？”
Grandpa laughed.“Richie，that just __38__ it's raining really hard.”
“So why didn't you just say that？”Richie __39__．It was irritating (恼人的) when people spoke like they were not speaking English at all.
“We did.You just didn't understand these __40__．”Richie's cousin said with a big smile.
“Well，now I do.”Richie said.
(C)31.A.tigers and lions B．pigs and sheep C．cats and dogs D．chickens and ducks (D)32.A.important B．possible C．necessary D．strange
(B)33.A.unless B．after C．till D．though
(A)34.A.couldn't B．shouldn't C．needn't D．mustn't (D)35.A.days B．animals C．ideas D．people (B)36.A.shouted at B．looked at C．laughed at D．pointed at
(C)37.A.what B．how C．where D．who
(C)38.A.explains B．proves C．means D．shows (D)39.A.ordered B．thought C．repeated D．asked (A)40.A.sayings B．questions C．objects D．stories
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