简单句与复合句之间转换是英语句型转换的一种重要形式，也是我们运用英语所应掌握的技能。现对转换形式作一解题点拨:
I。 简单句与复合句的互换
把一个简单句转换成一个复合句，一般是将一个短语变为一个从句.相反,复合句转换为简单句时要把一个从句变为一个短语。
1。 The foreigners want to know how they can learn to do Chinese Kongfu well。 → The foreigners want to know how to learn to do Chinese Kongfu well。
【解析】含宾语从句的复合句变为简单句，可以把宾语从句改为”疑问词+不定式\"的结构或者改为\"主语+谓语+宾语+宾补\"这种结构；简单句变复合句，一般是把宾语扩大为宾语从句，其宾语从句应该用将来时或”情态动词+动词原形\"的形式。
2。 She was so weak that she couldn’t take care of her baby. → She was too weak to take care of her baby。
3. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldn’t skate on it. → The ice on the lake was not thick enough for people to skate on.
【解析】当so。。。that从句是否定句，其主语与主句主语相同,可用句型too...to do sth.替换;当so。。.that从句是否定句，其主语与主句主语不相同，可用句型too。。。for sb。 to do sth。 替换;当so。.。that从句是肯定句，其主语与主句主语相同时，可用。。。enough to do sth。替换； 当so。..that从句是肯定句,其主语与主句主语不相同时，可用..。enough for sb. to do sth。替换.
4. Be brave, or you'll lose your chance. → If you aren't brave， you’ll lose your chance.
5. Come on, or we'll miss the early bus. → If we don't hurry, we'll miss the early bus.
【解析】 ”祈使句+or+简单句\"可转换为”if引导的否定的条件句+主句\"的句型;\"祈使句+and+简单句”可转换为”if引导的肯定的条件句+主句\"的句型.
6. She seems to be worried now。 → It seems that she is worried now。
【解析】 seem是关于内心活动的用语，含有心中所想象的意思在内.seem后接动词不定式,也常用It seems that结构。简单句变为复合句应特别注意它们之间的同义可换性。
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II。 简单句与简单句的转换
简单句本身可以通过对句子成分（包括主语、谓语、宾语、状语和定语）或句型自身的调整来表达相同或相近的意思。常见的转换方法有:① ”词与词的转换\"（如：反义词的转换、同义词的转换、代词的转换、词性的转换）;② \"词与短语的转换”(of属格与's属格的转换、时间表达的转换等）;③\"句式与句式的转换”（如：How old is （are）.。。?与What is sb。's age？的转换、How do you like。..？与What do you think of。。. ？ 的转换、\"动词 + sb。 + sth.”与”动词 + sth。 + 介词 + sb。\"的转换等）。
7. We spent twenty minutes cleaning the room yesterday。 → It took us twenty minutes to clean the room yesterday.
8。 The motorbike cost him 7，000 yuan last year。 → He paid / spent 7，000 yuan for / on （buying） the motorbike last year.
【解析】 spend与take都可以表示”做某事花某人多少时间或金钱\"。 spend的主语用某人表示； take的主语用it.即”（Somebody)spend some time （in) doing sth。 / on sth。”这一句型可换成”It takes / took somebody some time to do sth。” 句型。两个句型都可表示”某人花若干时间做某事\"。但在转换时，应注意语序的变化，尤其是前一个句型中(in） doing或on sth.，在后一个句型中应改为to do sth。.”spend。。。doing sth.”相当于pay。。。for， 它们之间可转换使用。
9. Jane says science isn't so interesting as music to her。 → Jane says science is less interesting than music to her.
10。 She rides a bicycle more carefully than anyone else in her class。 → She is the most careful bicycle rider in her class【解析】常见的比较等级之间的转换有：①”not so / as+原级+ as”可改为”比较级+ than\"；② \"not so / as+原级+as\"可改为\"less+原级（多音节词）+than”；③ ”最高级+of / in短语\"可改为\"比较级+than any other+复数名词 / than any of the others / anyone else / anything else”；④\"like。.。better (than）”可改为\"prefer...（to)\"。
11。 The exhibition of children’s art began a few days ago。 → The exhibition of children's art has been on for a few days.
12. My grandpa joined the Party thirty years ago。 → My grandpa has been in the Party for thirty years。
13. Sam’s grandfather died 10 years ago. → Sam’s grandfather has been dead for 10 years.
【解析】含一般过去时与现在完成时句式之间的转换是很常用的。在现在完成时中，延续性动词与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词不能。但是,可以用别的方式来表达：①瞬间动词用于”一段时间+ago”的一般过去时的句型中；②瞬间动词可改写成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；③ 瞬间动词用于”It is +一段时间+since+一般过去时”的句型中；④瞬间动词用于”Some time + has / have passed + since + 一般过去时”的句型中。另外，将来时”be going to”结构与”will / shall”结构的转换；进行时（如come ， go动词)可与将来时的转换。
14. You must throw the broken pottery away at once。 → The broken pottery must be thrown away at once。
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15. Every one should give back his or her library books on time。 → Library books should be returned on time.
16。 People make great use of computers widely in the world。 → Computers are widely used in the world。
【解析】 ①主动句变被动句的方法是:首先把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，再把谓语动词变为被动语态，最后加上介词by的宾语（有时可省略）；②被动句变为主动句的方法是：先把被动句中by的宾语变为主动句的主语（如被动句中省略了介词by及其宾语，一般可以用 we, you， they等作主语），再把谓语动词改为主动语态(即把be去掉），最后把被动句的主语改为主动句的宾语，主动句的时态与被动句中be的时态一致；③在let， make， hear, see, watch等后的动词不定式在主动语态中不带to,变为被动语态时，要加上to；④双宾语动词结构变为被动语态，则应在间接宾语前加上相应的介词to或for。如 Li Lei was given a bike by Mr Wang。 → Mr Wang gave a bike to Li Lei.
III。 二合并一成简单句
有时为了使句子结构更加紧凑,语言更加生动，我们可以把两个或两个以上的简单句合并为简单句，这样，句子意思上的联系显得更密切.
17。 Lucy can’t sing the English song ”Yesterday Once More\"。 And Lily can’t sing it， either。 → Neither Lucy nor Lily can sing the English song ”Yesterday Once More”。
18。 This store sells men's shoes， and it also sells men’s clothes。 → This store sells not only men’s shoes but also men’s clothes。
【解析】两个意义相关的简单句合并为一个简单句.常见的方式有三类：①用both。。.and， not only。.。but also， either。。.or， neither。..nor， not。。.but等连接词合并。由not only。.。but also， either。。。or, neither。。.nor等连接的并列主语，通常遵循就近原则，即谓语需根据后面的名词（词组）的单复数而定;②用too..。to， enough to等含不定式结构合并；③用分词短语合并。
IV。 二合并一成复合句
由两个简单句合并成一个复合句,多把一个分句转换成一个从句。如:
19。 ”Did you sleep well last night？\" David asked her。 → David asked her if / whether she slept well last night。
20。 I won't go with my brother， he thinks。 → He doesn’t think I will go with my brother。
21. Where does he live? I don’t know。 →I don’t know where he lives。
【解析】构成宾语从句应注意三点：①宾语从句的引导词是否缺少或用错；②宾语从句语序是否是陈述句的语序；③宾语从句的时态是否与主句谓语动词的时态相呼应。
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【测试】按要求改写下列句子.每空限填一词。
1。 There is a strong wind today。
It's very ________ today. 2。 What's the weather like in America？
________ ________ the weather in America？
3。 We must keep the noise under 50 dbs （分贝） here。
The noise must ________ ________ under 50 dbs here。
4. Wu Dong joined the League three years ago。
Wu Dong has ________ in the League ________ three years。
5。 I didn’t know what I should say。
I didn't know what ________ ________。
6。 Does the shop close at six every day？ Do you know？
Do you know ________ the shop ________ at six every day?
7. Lucy is the tallest girl in her class.
Lucy is ________ than ________ ________ girls in her class。
8。 Tom is in the football team。 Jim is in the football team， too。
________ Tom ________ Jim ________ on the football team。
9。 John will go to bed after he finishes his homework。
John ________ ________ to bed ________ he finishes his homework。
10. He was so happy that he couldn’t say a word when he was told the news.
He was ________ happy ________ say a word when he was told the news.
Key： 1. windy 2. How is / How about / What about 3。 be kept 4. been； for 5。 to say 6。 if; closes 7. taller；other 8。 Both; and； are 9。 won’t go； until 10。 too； to
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