第三单元知识点归纳总结 一.重点短语
1. 取钱get some money 2. 买一些杂志/邮票get/buy some magazines 3. 获取一些有关小镇的信息get some information about the town
4. 买一双鞋get/buy a pair of shoes 5. 买一份报纸 buy a newspaper 6. 买一本字典 buy a dictionary 7. 买一些邮票 buy some stamps 8. 吃饭have dinner 9. 怎样到达…how to get to ... 10. 沿go along/ go down 11. 在银行的旁边 beside the bank 12. 在右/左边on the right/left 13. 在某人的右边/左边 on one’ s right/left 14. 去三楼go to the third floor 15. 向左/右转turn left/ right 16. 在…之间between …and… 17. 走过书店go past the bookstore 18. 做…感到激动be excited to do sth. 19. 从/以…开始start/ begin with 20. 需要做某事 need to do sth 21. 有……独特之处be special about.. . 22. 加油 , 过来come on
24. 请再说一次pardon me 25. 抓住某人的手hold one’ s hand 26. 摇滚乐队a rock band 27. 起初at first
28. 在去.......的路上on one’ s way to... 29. 经过、路过pass by/ go past 30. 开始玩start playing… 31. 沿 ...(路) 走;走近某人walk up (to sb.) 32. 在门口at the door
34. 在那个时刻at that time 35. 来得更早点come a little earlier 36. 占餐位get a table 37. 一些吃的东西 something to eat 38. 最近的银行the nearest bank 39. 寄信mail / post a letter
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40. 在购物中心in the shopping center 41. 寻求帮助 ask for help 42. 怎样有礼貌的寻求帮助how to ask for help politely 43. 学会怎样才是礼貌的 learn how to be polite 44. 在不同的情况 in different situations
45. 使用恰当的语言use the suitable/right/proper language
46. 立足于;以…为根据 based on 47. 取决于/依靠 depend on 48. 引入一个请求lead into a request 49. 停车park one’ s car
50. 一个地下停车场an underground parking lot 51. 换钱change money 52. 去.......的路the way to...
53. 在一个说英语的的国家 in an English-speaking country 54. 进行一个短期的假期学习 go on a short study vacation 55. 为……感谢某人thank sb. for sth./ ing sth.
56. 期望look forward to + n. / pron. / doing 57. 醒来wake up(woke, woken) 58. 仓促地做某事 (be in a rush to do 59.做某事很方便 be convenient to do 60. 第一次见到某人meet sb. for the first time 61. 更擅长become/be better at… 62. 使…想起remind sb. of sth. 63. 一个吃饭的好地方a good place to eat 64. 承诺做某事promise to do sth. 65. 建议做某事suggest doing sth. 66. 某人发生了某事sth. happen(s) to sb. 67. 碰巧做某事 happen to do sth. 68. 在那边 over there 69看起来... seem +adj./to do sth./ that从句 70. sb. suggest/advise + 从句 从句中动词用 should+动词原形 二.单元语法
1. 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
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① 宾语从句的引导词
特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时,从句的引导词由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。特殊疑问词通常有疑问代词what, which, who, whose和疑问副词where, when, why, how等。疑问代词在引导宾语从句的同时,在从句中通常做主语、宾语、表语,whose做定语;而疑问副词在引导宾语从句的同时,在从句中通常做状语。 如:
He wondered what had happened to her. (what做主语)
Could you tell me how I can get to the hospital? (how做状语表方式) ② 宾语从句的语序
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,不管主句是陈述句还是疑问句,从句都是用 “引导词+陈述语序的句子”,句末是否用问号由主句来定。主句是陈述句时,句末用句号;主句是疑问句时,句末用问号。 1. Do you know where Mr. Liu lives? 2. We don’t know what their parents are. ③ 宾语从句的时态:主从句的时态仍要保持一致。
1. 主现从不现:即主句的时态是一般在时,宾语从句的时态不受限制 2. 主过从必过:即主句时态是一般过去时的时候,宾语从句的时态要用过去的某种时态 (一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时),但是如果宾语从句描述的是客观规律,客观事实,自然现象,格言,谚语时,可仍用一般在时)
He said he had left his backpack at home. . The teacher asked why he was late for class.
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His parents believed that he would succeed sooner or later. 2. 问路的句式:
1) Is there a bank near here? 这附近有银行吗? 2) Where is the bank? 银行在哪儿? 3) Which is the way to the bank? 哪一条是去银行的路? 以上句子太直接,不委婉,也就显得不礼貌。 4) Could you tell me if there is a bank near here? 5) Excuse me, could you please tell me where the bank is?
6) Excuse me, I’m afraid if you can tell me which is the way to the bank. 7) Excuse me, I wonder if you can tell me the way to the bank. 8) Could you tell me the way to the bank? 3. 指路的短语
1) 动词短语 向左拐 向右拐 向前走 沿着向前走 经过 上二楼 在第一转弯处向左拐 2) 介词短
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turn left / turn to the left turn right /turn to the right go straight
go along/ up / down... go past...
go to the second floor take the first turning on the left in front of behind between...and next to/ beside across from
在...前面 在...后面 在...和...中间 在...旁边 在...对面
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4. can, could ,may, might表示请求时用法归纳:
它们没有时态上的差别,只是could比can,might比may在语气上要客气。用can或could表示“请求”比较普遍,但在正式、庄重的场合用may或might为宜。
Could/Can you lend me some money, please?
对could you please...?句型回答时,肯定回答可用sure./certainly./of course.等;否定回答可用sorry,I can’t./sorry ,I’m afraid not.等。 5.易混辨析:really, indeed与truly
这三个词都可表示“真正地”。其区别在于:indeed多用于肯定对方的话或加强自己的话;really多用于进一步说服对方,或表示惊奇,或表示含蓄的怀疑;而truly多用于强调事物的真实性。 You are right. It is indeed a difficult problem. Do you really want to go? It is truly hot today.
6. 易混辨析:interested, interest和interesting
① interested是形容词,有被动意味,意味“感兴趣的”,主语通常是人,多用于 be/get/feel/become interested in结构中。 Eg: I’m interested in history .
② interest用作名词时意为“兴趣,趣味”;用作动词时意为“使(人)产生兴趣”,其主语多为事物。
Eg; American football doesn’t interest me at all.
③ interesting是形容词,有主动意味,意为“有趣的”。作表语时,主语通常是
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物。作定语时,既可修饰人,也可修饰物。 That’s an interesting storybook for children.
例:We all love Miss Wang. She always makes her English class very______. A. interest B. interests C. interesting D .interested 7. Pardon me用法如下: (1)表示道歉,意为“对不起”
---Pardon me,I suppose I should have knocked. ---That’s all right.
(2)表示没听清或没听懂对方的话,请求对方再说一遍(也说I beg your pardon/Pardon等,注意说时用升调),意为“请再说一遍;对不起,我没听清”。 ---Where’s the post office? ---Pardon me?
---I asked where the post office was. (3)用于提出异议之前,意为“对不起”。 Pardon me, but this is my coat.
(4)用来引起对方注意,意为“对不起;打扰一下;请问”。 Pardon me,may I disturb you a minute?
例:---Open the window please, Mike ? ---________? I didn’t hear what you said. A. What B Pardon C. Really D. All right 8. Excuse me, I’m sorry与I beg your pardon 三者都有“对不起,请原谅”的意思,但用法有区别。 (1)下列情景中要用Excuse me:
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① 用在向别人问路、问时间等打扰别人或引起别人的注意时。
Excuse me! Where are the washrooms?
② 当你询问别人是否准许你做某事时。 Excuse me!Can I put my bike here? (2)I’m sorry常用来表示自己犯了某种过错,也可表示“遗憾”,如对别人的不幸有所表示或不满足对方的要求等。
I’m sorry for giving you so much trouble. (3)I beg your pardon可用于(正式场合):
① 做错事而道歉(比I’m sorry更正式,也可说pardon me) ② 谈话中提出异议之前
③ 没听清对方的话,希望对方重复一遍时(可说pardon me或pardon,可用问号,说时用升调)
④ 用来引起地方的注意 I beg your pardon for coming late. I beg your pardon, is this your handbag?
9. no longer, not any longer; no more, not any more 用法辨析
no longer = not any longer, 指持续了一段时间的动作状态已“一再延续”,着重指时间方面,常与延续性动词连用。
He no longer lives here. = He doesn’t live here any longer.
No more = not any more 指某一反复发生的动作已“不再延续”,着重指次数上,程度上和数量上不再重复,常与非延续性动连用。 I will no more believe him. = I won’t believe him any more.
10. suggest 意为“建议;提议”名词是:suggestion 可数名词 同意词advice
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不可数名词。
考向1:suggest sth. to sb. “建议某事” He suggested a rest to me. 考向2:suggest doing sth. “建议做某事” She suggested going there by bike. 11. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事,(暗指现在已经不做了 )
get/ be used to doing 习惯于做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事 be used by sb. 被某人所使用
12.fail “不及格,失败,未能做到” 名词:failure 反:succeed
fail to do sth. “未能做某事”
13.a number of; the number of 用法辨析
a number of “大量的” 后跟可数名词复数心词是所修饰的名词,谓语动词用复数形式。
the number of “。。。的数量” 后跟可数名词复数;中心词是number,谓语动词用单数形式。
14.do with ; deal with用法辨析
do with “处理,安置”强调处理的对象,常与what连用 I don’t know what to do with these old clothes. deal with “强调处理的方式、方法,常与how连用 Mr. Green taught me how to deal with pressure. 15.dare
1. 可做情态动词,通常只用在否定句和疑问句中以及if或whether之后,后
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接动词原型
2. 可做实义动词,后接动词不定式,即:dare to do sth. 敢于做某事 16.time的短语
from time to time 时常,有时 at any time 随时
in no time 立刻 have a good time 玩得开心 all the time 一直 for the first time 第一次 in time 及时 on time 准时 17. require 与 request 用法辨析
require 1) 动词,“命令,要求,需要” 指上对下的要求。
2)常见搭配:require +n. 需要某物
require doing/ to be done 表示被动,意为“有。。。的
需要。 The bike requires repairing.
require sb to do sth. 要求某人做事
request 1) 名词,动词,表示“有礼貌的请求,正式的请求”是下对上 的要求。
3)常见搭配:request for 对。。。有要求,有需求 request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 make a request for sth. 要求得到某物
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